This is the second book in Stuart Clark's trilogy The Sky's Dark Labyrinth,
and as a fan of the first book it would be rude not to delve into the
second. Set around the turn of the 17th Century this (technically
fictional) account of Newton's theory of gravity lends some much needed
background to the story of the apple. As with his account of Galileo and Kepler this reads as a historical novel, although it's pretty tricky to distinguish fact from fiction - Clark is good enough to point out where he's embellished and dramatised events and you're left with the feeling that you're reading a pretty faithful account of events; if the protagonists were given the right of reply I think they'd be firmly in nitpicking territory.
The
characterisation is wonderful - Clark's lucky enough to have picked
some of the greatest characters in scientific history, from the dour and
grumpy Newton to the exuberant and childishly enthusiastic Edmond
Halley. The author's tweets as he was writing it suggested he was
having great fun with them and it certainly shines through.
But enough of the standard book review stuff, it's fun and well written, that's all you need to know. On to the science!
This
book really does cover the emergence of modern science as we understand
it. Much of the action is centered around the fledgling Royal Society,
where political infighting and closely guarded secrecy abound.
Kepler's laws of planetary motion were well understood at this point,
but the mechanism was still up for grabs. The idea of a invisible force
acting through space was understandably controversial - after all, there
was no testable way to differentiate that from a big invisible piece of
string, and without any burden of proof theories abounded. Cue Newton,
who postulated that the force bringing an apple to the ground (a very
familiar and Earthbound force) was the same that held the moon in orbit
and could explain the origin of Kepler's laws.
The charming thing about Sensorium Of God
is that Clark doesn't simply trot out the "obvious" theories that
eventually became part of high school science. He explores the
competing theories, the ones which turned out to be wrong, and he does
so with his head firmly planted in the available knowledge of the time.
Being wrong is the basis of physics, the whole discipline is built
around trying to disprove theories, and there's a great deal of charm
and insight to be found in the destruction testing of an idea. The
screening theory crops up for example, an analogy ship's captains were well aware of
at the time, and a seductive theory because of its elegance and ease of understanding. This
turned out to be wrong, although a variation would later crop up in
mid-20th Century quantum theory. Experiments are carried out to test
the inverse square law proposed by Newton and others, but fail simply
because they didn't have the resolution, creating red herrings.
Mathematical models are proposed, tested, and fought over, books are
written and then suppressed, then published, then fought over again.
This
is in many ways the story of the birth of the modern scientific method
and draws many modern day analogies, both good and bad. They even have
funding problems, and you don't get much more "contemporary science"
than that.
Stuart Clark
Polygon Books
ISBN: 9781846971877
Newton took .. white light .. and splitted it up - and thus "proved" that white was "not pure".
ReplyDeleteThat is to reverse a process, not - do - it.
--
When he .. again .. tried to split - the other colors - he couldn't.
This should prove that white was not pure!
Well - it does not (depending on the definition).
...
If wee put us in the situation that we shall make the colours -. then we would start to make "The Clean Colours", first - then continue mixing the colours.
We start with the seven "pure" colours and:
pure+pure=pure (not impure).
pure+pure+pure+pure+pure+pure+pure=pure (white).
(.."and he saw that everything was good".. - acording to The Bible.
)
Only if we define:
Pure+Pure=Impure
..this becomes correct.
But isn't that a strange definition?
It is indeed, if we take it as given that there are seven colours. Look at a rainbow though, it's not seven different colours, it's a whole spectrum, each colour merging into the others without any lines between them.
ReplyDeleteWe only say there are seven colours because it's traditional - in fact, I'm told the Red-Orange-Yellow-Green-Blue-Indigo-Violet now merges the last two into simply "violet", so some kids these days learn there are six colours, making an "impure" white in your system.
It's just numerology and semantics, a tradition of which Newton would probably be proud, he did more than a little dabbling himself.
It's not how it works these days. There aren't seven colours, there's a range that's limited only by the energy available and the equations of quantum mechanics. Our eyes, it turns out, only detect a tiny percentage of them.
Of course, a lot of this is down to language. Quarks, in modern parlance, have colours. Not actual colours, they're far smaller than the wavelength of visible light. The also have flavours, but you can't taste a quark. It's a result of scientists using everyday words for complex mathematical properties, just as a shorthand. If you do this, people get upset because it's confusing. If you make up new words to save the confusion, people accuse science of being elitist and trying to hide things. You really can't win with humans.
Dean Stockwell does a good job of explaining - I'm not really a New Battlestar Galactica fan, but this is a great monologue:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pM3CptVZDYU